本书之前已经介绍过 logstash 如何利用 multiline 或者 log4j 插件解析函数堆栈。那么,对函数堆栈,我们除了对底层函数做基础的 topN 排序,还能深入发掘出来什么信息呢?
下图是一个 PHP 慢函数堆栈的可视化统计:
该图利用了 Kibana4 的 sub aggs 特性。按照分层次的函数堆栈,逐层做 terms agg。得到一个类似火焰图效果的千层饼效果。
和火焰图不同的是,千层饼并不能自动深入到函数堆栈的全部层次,需要自己手动指定聚合到第几层。考虑到重复操作在页面上不是很方便。可以利用 Kibana4 的 url 特性,直接修改地址生成效果。上图的 url 如下:
http://k4domain:5601/#/visualize/edit/php-slow-stack-pie?_g=()&_a=(filters:!(),linked:!t,query:(query_string:(query:'*')),vis:(aggs:!((id:'1',params:(),schema:metric,type:count),(id:'2',params:(field:slow.1,order:desc,orderBy:'1',size:10),schema:segment,type:terms),(id:'3',params:(field:slow.2,order:desc,orderBy:'1',size:10),schema:segment,type:terms),(id:'4',params:(field:slow.3,order:desc,orderBy:'1',size:10),schema:segment,type:terms),(id:'5',params:(field:slow.4,order:desc,orderBy:'1',size:10),schema:segment,type:terms)),listeners:(),params:(addLegend:!f,addTooltip:!t,defaultYExtents:!f,isDonut:!t,shareYAxis:!t,spyPerPage:10),type:pie))
可以看到,如果打算增减堆栈的聚合层次,对应增减一段 (id:'5',params:(field:slow.4,order:desc,orderBy:'1',size:10),
就可以了。
作为固定可视化分析模式的另一种分享办法,还可以导出该 visualize object 在 .kibana
索引中的 JSON 记录。这样其他人只需要原样再导入到自己的 .kibana
索引即可:
# curl 127.0.0.1:9200/.kibana/visualization/php-slow-stack-pie/_source
{"title":"php-slow-stack-pie","visState":"{\"aggs\":[{\"id\":\"1\",\"params\":{},\"schema\":\"metric\",\"type\":\"count\"},{\"id\":\"2\",\"params\":{\"field\":\"slow.1\",\"order\":\"desc\",\"orderBy\":\"1\",\"size\":10},\"schema\":\"segment\",\"type\":\"terms\"},{\"id\":\"3\",\"params\":{\"field\":\"slow.2\",\"order\":\"desc\",\"orderBy\":\"1\",\"size\":10},\"schema\":\"segment\",\"type\":\"terms\"},{\"id\":\"4\",\"params\":{\"field\":\"slow.3\",\"order\":\"desc\",\"orderBy\":\"1\",\"size\":10},\"schema\":\"segment\",\"type\":\"terms\"},{\"id\":\"5\",\"params\":{\"field\":\"slow.4\",\"order\":\"desc\",\"orderBy\":\"1\",\"size\":10},\"schema\":\"segment\",\"type\":\"terms\"}],\"listeners\":{},\"params\":{\"addLegend\":false,\"addTooltip\":true,\"defaultYExtents\":false,\"isDonut\":true,\"shareYAxis\":true,\"spyPerPage\":10},\"type\":\"pie\"}","description":"","savedSearchId":"php-fpm-slowlog","version":1,"kibanaSavedObjectMeta":{"searchSourceJSON":"{\"filter\":[]}"}}
上面记录中可以看到,这个 visualize 还关联了一个 savedSearch,那么同样,再从 .kibana
索引里把这个内容也导出:
# curl 127.0.0.1:9200/.kibana/search/php-fpm-slowlog/_source
{"title":"php-fpm-slowlog","description":"","hits":0,"columns":["_source"],"sort":["@timestamp","desc"],"version":1,"kibanaSavedObjectMeta":{"searchSourceJSON":"{\n \"index\": \"[logstash-mweibo-]YYYY.MM.DD\",\n \"highlight\": {\n \"pre_tags\": [\n \"@kibana-highlighted-field@\"\n ],\n \"post_tags\": [\n \"@/kibana-highlighted-field@\"\n ],\n \"fields\": {\n \"*\": {}\n }\n },\n \"filter\": [\n {\n \"meta\": {\n \"index\": \"[logstash-mweibo-]YYYY.MM.DD\",\n \"negate\": false,\n \"key\": \"_type\",\n \"value\": \"php-fpm-slow\",\n \"disabled\": false\n },\n \"query\": {\n \"match\": {\n \"_type\": {\n \"query\": \"php-fpm-slow\",\n \"type\": \"phrase\"\n }\n }\n }\n }\n ],\n \"query\": {\n \"query_string\": {\n \"query\": \"*\",\n \"analyze_wildcard\": true\n }\n }\n}"}}
这个内容看起来有点怪怪的,其实把 searchSourceJSON
字符串复制出来,在终端下贴到 echo -ne
命令后面,回车即可看到其实是这样:
{
"index": "[logstash-mweibo-]YYYY.MM.DD",
"highlight": {
"pre_tags": [
"@kibana-highlighted-field@"
],
"post_tags": [
"@/kibana-highlighted-field@"
],
"fields": {
"*": {}
}
},
"filter": [
{
"meta": {
"index": "[logstash-mweibo-]YYYY.MM.DD",
"negate": false,
"key": "_type",
"value": "php-fpm-slow",
"disabled": false
},
"query": {
"match": {
"_type": {
"query": "php-fpm-slow",
"type": "phrase"
}
}
}
}
],
"query": {
"query_string": {
"query": "*",
"analyze_wildcard": true
}
}
}